Medical Device Regulations & Registration Process in South Korea

South Korea has built one of the most demanding medical device approval systems in Asia. The Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) is the main regulatory body and its pre-market approval process operates very differently from the FDA or EU.

The cost of getting the registration process wrong is an expensive mistake. MFDS compliance matters from day one. Getting it right and it will reduce the risk of recalls and quality failures, build trust with healthcare professionals and keep the door open for sustainable business growth in the market.

This article gives detailed information on the process of registration of medical devices in South Korea.

Regulatory Authority for Medical Devices in South Korea

Manufacturers planning to commercialize medical devices in South Korea must follow a structured approval framework which is regulated by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS).

The regulatory framework sits under the Medical Device Act supported by the Enforcement Decree and Enforcement Rule. Together these documents define which devices need approval versus simple notification, what documentation is required, how manufacturing compliance is assessed and what obligations stay active after a product is on market.

Beyond MFDS, three bodies matter. First is the National Institute of Medical Device Safety Information (NIDS). NIDS’s primary role is certifying Class I and Class II medical devices (under Articles 42 and 44(2) of the Medical Devices Act). Then comes NIFDS’s Global Harmonization Center (GHC) handles international harmonization work separately from NIDS. And lastly there are designated testing and certification bodies that carry out laboratory assessments required during the approval process.

MFDS Medical Device Classification

In South Korea, device classification determines everything including registration pathway, documentation requirements, timeline and cost.

Korean classification codes are device-specific rather than purely category-based. Manufacturers should verify their device’s exact classification through the MFDS Medical Device Information & Approval Portal before committing to any documentation work.

CLASS	RISK LEVEL	EXAMPLES	PATHWAY	KGMP REQUIRED
Class I	Low	Tongue depressors, basic surgical instruments	Notification	No (voluntary)
Class II	Low-medium	Ultrasound equipment, powered wheelchairs, syringes	Certification	Yes
Class III	Medium-high	Orthopedic implants, dialysis machines, ventilators	Full pre-market approval	Yes
Class IV	High	Implantable defibrillators, artificial heart valves	Full pre-market approval = clinical data	Yes (mandatory audit)

MFDS medical device registration process in South Korea includes both notification and approval pathways, depending on the level of product risk. While the registration pathway varies based on device classification, all manufactures must address following regulatory requirements.

• Korean License Holder (KLH)
• KGMP Certification
• Technical Documentation
• Performance & Safety Testing
• Clinical Evaluation (where applicable)
• Korean Labeling & IFU
• Post- Market Surveillance Compliance

These requirements vary based on device classification and registration pathway and are discussed in detail in the further sections.

Medical Device Registration Process in South Korea

Here is the detailed step by step process of medical devices registration in South Korea for fast approval:

Step 1: Confirm Device Classification

MFDS assigns device-specific codes based on intended use and the same product can land in a completely different class. A wrong classification at the start means redoing work you have already paid for.

Step 2: Appoint a Korean License Holder (KLH)

You cannot hold a Korean marketing license as a foreign company. A Korean legal entity must hold it for you and take on real legal responsibility for your device in the market. Choosing the right one early matters more than most companies expect.

Step 3: Start KGMP Certification early

KGMP is the single most common cause of registration delays for foreign manufacturers.

During the COVID-19 period, MFDS allowed certain overseas manufacturer GMP conformity assessments to proceed through document review when on-site inspections could not be conducted. On-site inspections were subsequently resumed as travel restrictions eased. Under the current GMP framework, conformity assessments generally involve both document review and on-site inspection, although document-only assessment remains available in specific circumstances. Therefore, manufacturers should not assume that ISO 13485 certification alone will automatically substitute for KGMP conformity recognition.

Step 4: Build Technical Documentation to Korean Standards

The content is similar to what you would put in an EU technical file, but every section needs certified Korean translation and MFDS has its own formatting expectations. There are two sections that most commonly cause delays. First is the Essential Principle of Safety and Performance checklist, where incomplete justifications for non-applicable items consistently draw MFDS queries. Second is the risk management file built around outdated standard editions. This can attract additional scrutiny. So manufacturers are generally advised to ensure their risk management files reflect the current ISO 14971 edition rather than superseded versions, as a matter of good practice.

Step 5: Booking MFDS Designated Testing Laboratories Early

MFDS only accepts test reports from its designated laboratory list. It does not matter if your existing test reports used identical methodology. If the lab is not on the list, the reports do not count. Book early because these labs have limited capacity and their lead times regularly become the critical path on registration timelines.

Step 6: Submit Through Your KLH and Manage the Review

Your KLH handles the MFDS submission. MFDS review times are approximately immediate for Class I, 5 days for Class II certification, and up to 80 days for Class III and IV devices. Actual timelines may vary based on submission completeness, device complexity, KGMP scheduling and additional information requests. MFDS will send queries during review and the response windows are quite strict so stay in regular contact with your KLH .Every Foreign manufacturer seeking to sell a medical device in South Korea must appoint a Korea License Holder (KLH).

Step 7: Maintain Compliance After Approval

License needs renewing every five years. KGMP certificates expire every three years. Adverse-event reporting deadlines are 7 days for death or life-threatening side effects (with a supplementary detailed report due 8 days after the first report) and 15 days for other serious side effects (hospitalization, irreversible disability, congenital malformation). Companies that go quiet after approval are the ones that get caught out by renewal deadlines or PMS obligations they forgot were coming.

Documents Required for MFDS Medical Device Registration

DOCUMENT	CLASS I	CLASS II	CLASS III	CLASS IV
KLH application form	✓	✓	✓	✓
Technical documentation	Basic	Standard	Standard	STED
KGMP certification	_	✓	✓	✓
Performance test reports	Sterile/measuring-function Class I devices are treated like Class II (exception)	✓	✓	✓
Clinical Evaluation	_	Sometimes	Sometimes	Sometimes
Risk management file	_	✓	✓	✓
Korean labeling + IFU	✓	✓	✓	✓

MFDS Registration Timelines

The registration time for medical devices in South Korea will depend on the medical device classification and regulatory pathway. Medical devices with low risk typically go through a faster review process because there is no active MFDS technical review. High risk are subject to greater technical and clinical assessments as for them full technical review is required.

Device Class	MFDS’s Review Time (after submission)
Class I	Immediate
Class II	5 days
Class III and IV	80 days

Actual timelines can vary depending on device complexity, completeness of the submission, KGMP audit scheduling, testing lab availability and whether MFDS requests additional information during review.

MFDS Registration Costs

The total costs for MFDS registration will vary device type, testing requirements, technical documentation, KGMP certification and KLH arrangements. In addition to these, manufacturers should also consider expenses related to document translation and ongoing compliance. As higher risk devices are subject to more extensive regulatory requirements. Registration costs generally increase with device classification.

Device Class	Key Cost Driver
Class I	Simplified registration and limited review.
Class II	Technical documentation and testing requirements
Class III	Detailed technical review, testing and KGMP compliance
Class IV	Clinical evidence and comprehensive review

MFDS Medical Device Registration Requirements

Medical device registration requirements in South Korea vary depending on the device classification and applicable regulatory pathway. Manufacturers must meet MFDS requirements related to local representation, KGMP compliance, technical documentation, labeling, clinical evidence and product testing, as applicable to the device.

Korea License Holder (KLH) Requirements

Korea License Holder (KLH) cannot hold a medical device marketing License in South Korea as a foreign company, it must be held by a Korean legal entity acting as your Korean License Holder. Your KLH is legally accountable for the device in Korea. KLH is the contact point between the manufacturer and MFDS.

A KLH’s responsibilities are drawn from several specific provisions rather than one bundled clause. It includes adverse event reporting (Enforcement Rule Article 51), renewal management (Medical Devices Act Article 49) and general manufacturer/importer compliance duties covering labeling and documentation (Enforcement Rule Articles 27 and 33). Choosing a reliable KLH is especially important for companies commercializing higher-risk or technologically complex products, including AI-driven medical devices and SaMD solutions.

Foreign manufacturers who need an experienced KLH or regulatory partner can explore Artixio’s South Korea MFDS compliance services.

KGMP Certification requirements

Korea Good Manufacturing Practice (KGMP) is South Korea’s quality management system standard for medical device manufacturing. KGMP is closely aligned with ISO 13485 but enforced through a distinct Korean certification process.

For domestic Korean manufacturers, KGMP inspections are conducted by MFDS or a designated inspection body at the manufacturing site. For foreign manufacturers, MFDS may recognize a QMS conformity certificate issued by a foreign regulatory authority, and a document-based review can result in a temporary conformity certificate.But this typically leads to a limited-term certificate rather than full recognition, and on-site inspection remains the standard pathway, especially since Korea resumed routine overseas on-site audits in January 2023 after covid.

One thing manufacturers frequently underestimate is the Korean language documentation requirement. The KGMP assessment process may require certain documents in Korean, and quality system records will need to be translatable on request. Having a KLH or regulatory partner who can handle this interference is essential.

KGMP conformity recognition certificate is valid for 3 years from issuance and require renewal. If your certificate lapses, your marketing license is at risk.

Technical Documentation, Labeling and IFU Requirements for Medical Device

Technical documentation is the core of any MFDS registration process. For Class II, III and IV it covers roughly the same ground as EU technical file or FDA design file but with some Korea-specific additions and formatting conventions.

Technical documentation must cover the full design, manufacturing, safety and performance lifecycle of the device. Every section of a technical file that is not originally drafted in Korean must be accompanied by a certified Korean translation.

TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION SECTION	REQUIRED FOR CLASS	KEY STANDARD	COMMON MISTAKES
Device Description and Intended Use	All classes	MFDS submission template	Vague statements that do not match Korean classification code
Design and manufacturing information	Class II – IV	KGMP / ISO 13485	Mismatched between KGMP certificate scope and actual manufacturing process described
Essential Principles of Safety and Performance	Class II – IV	MFDS Common Standard notifications	Incompletely addressed principles and missing justification for non-applicable items
Risk management file	Class II – IV	commonly expected – ISO 14971:2019 version	Outdated ISO 14971:2007 format and risks not linked to test evidence
Performance and safety test reports	Class II – IV	Korean KS / IEC / ISO standards	Reports from non- MFDS designated labs and expired test certificates
Clinical evaluation summary	Class III – IV (Sometimes Class II)	MFDS clinical guidance	Literature search too narrow and equivalence claims not adequate substantiated
Post-market surveillance plan	New/orphan devices designated by MFDS (Act Art. 8)	Medical Device Act PMS rules	Generic plans not tailored to the specific device and risk profile
Korean labelling and Instructions for use (IFU)	All classes	MFDS labeling regulations	Missing mandatory labelling elements and non compliant font or symbol usage.

Clinical evaluation requirements in South Korea

MFDS requires a clinical evaluation report (CER) for class III and class IV medical devices. The CER must demonstrate device safety and clinical performance through a systematic review of clinical literature and clinical investigation data.

Equivalence claims in which the manufacturer relies on clinical data from similar devices must be be supported by evidence across MFDS’s equivalence criteria, including intended use, working principle (mechanism of action), raw materials, performance, test specifications, and method of use.

MFDS generally accepts foreign clinical data, evaluated case by case on its own merits, as supporting evidence when appropriately presented.

CER REQUIREMENT	CLASS I	CLASS II	CLASS III	CLASS IV
Clinical evaluation report	Not required	Sometimes	Required	Required
Systematic evaluation review	_	Sometimes	Required	Required
Clinical investigation data	_	Rare	Sometimes required	Often required
Equivalence approach accepted	_	Yes	Yes (with strong justification)	Limited
Post-market clinical follow-up plan	_	Recommended	Required only if MFDS-designated as new/orphan device	Required only if MFDS-designated as new/orphan device
Foreign clinical data accepted	_	Yes	Yes (as supporting evidence)	Yes (but Korean data preferred for novel devices)

Testing and Safety Requirements for MFDS Registration

Performance and safety testing is a mandatory component of MFDS registration for Class II, III, and IV devices. MFDS requires that test reports come from MFDS designated testing laboratories. Reports labs that aren’t on MFDS’s list may not be accepted for primary submission data, even if the testing methodology and standards applied were identical. This requirement has practical implications for timeline planning, since these laboratories have finite capacity and can only accept bookings when slots are available.

Common tests include electrical safety (IEC 60601), biocompatibility (ISO 10993), EMC testing, sterility validation and device specific performance tests.

Post-market Surveillance Requirements

Once a device is on the Korean market, post-market surveillance obligations kick in and remain in place for as long as the device is marketed. The KLH carries primary responsibility for managing PMS obligations in Korea, but the manufacturer must ensure that safety information flows from their end to the KLH in a timely and structured way because if MFDS reporting deadlines are missed, it’s a serious compliance failure.

PMS OBLIGATION	WHO IS RESPONSIBLE	TIMEFRAME
Serious adverse event reporting – for death/life-threatening side effects	KLH (informed by manufacturer)	Within 7 days
Serious adverse event reporting – for other serious side effects	KLH	Within 15 days
Periodic safety report	KLH + manufacturer	Per MFDS schedule
Recall / field safety action	KLH (MFDS oversight)	Recall plan due within 5 days for the highest hazard-level devices, 15 days for others (one-time 10-day extension possible if justified)
Complaint records	Manufacturer + KLH	Maintained continuously

South Korea Medical Device Import Requirements

Importing medical devices into South Korea requires more than a valid MFDS marketing license. The physical importation process has its own requirements that news to be managed in coordination with the KLH.

Devices must carry Korean language labeling before they enter distribution. Whether this labeling is applied by the overseas manufacturer before shipment, or by the KLH after the import in a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) controlled environment, needs to be agreed and documented as part of the product’s quality management system. Relabeling in Korea is permitted but must be done under controlled conditions and documented appropriately.

From a customs standpoint, medical devices are classified under specific HS code and may be subject to import duties. But South Korea’s Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the EU includes a dedicated annex for medical devices, covering both tariff reduction and mutual recognition of certifications. But tBut tariffs under other FTAs, including with the US, vary by HS code and origin. Manufacturer must check actual rates at Korea Customs’ FTA lookup tool rather than assuming a reduction applies.

For devices that have received MFDS approval, a copy of the marketing license and relevant product documentation should accompany or be available for each import shipment to facilitate customs clearance. The KLH coordinates the import process and maintains the necessary records.

Conclusion

Korea is demanding on paper and in practice. But manufacturers who go in prepared with classification confirmed, a reliable KLH in place, KGMP addressed early and documentation built for MFDS specifically can consistently get through the process faster and with few surprises.

If you are not sure where your device sits in Korea’s medical device classification system or whether your existing ISO 13485 certificate will satisfy KGMP requirements, those are good questions to bring to us early. Learn more about our South Korea regulatory affairs services or reach out to info@artixio.com.